Female sterilization is a permanent method of contraception where the fallopian tubes are blocked or cut to prevent pregnancy. It can be done through laparoscopic tubal occlusion or open tubectomy.

• Laparoscopic Tubal Occlusion: A minimally invasive procedure where the fallopian tubes are blocked using clips, rings, or cauterization through small abdominal incisions.
• Open Tubectomy: A surgical procedure involving a larger abdominal incision to cut and remove part of the fallopian tubes, usually performed after childbirth or in special cases.

Both laparoscopic tubal occlusion and open tubectomy are over 99% effective in preventing pregnancy permanently.

• • Laparoscopic Tubal Occlusion: Recovery takes about 1-2 weeks, with minimal pain and faster healing.
  • Open Tubectomy: Recovery takes about 4-6 weeks due to the larger incision.

•  

Sterilization is considered permanent, though reversal surgery is possible in some cases. However, success rates for reversal are low, and fertility treatments like IVF may be needed if pregnancy is desired.